@article {236, title = {Voluntary/Charitable Pharmaceutical Care Knowledge in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {PTB Reports}, volume = {9}, year = {2023}, month = {November 2023}, pages = {11-19}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {11}, abstract = {

Objectives: To explore the pharmacist{\textquoteright}s knowledge about voluntary or charitable pharmaceutical care in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: It analyzes a cross-sectional survey discussing pharmacist{\textquoteright}s knowledge about voluntary or charitable pharmaceutical care services in Saudi Arabia. The survey consisted of respondents{\textquoteright} demographic information about pharmacists and general information about charity pharmacy practice, pharmacists{\textquoteright} knowledge about voluntary or charitable pharmaceutical care services, and voluntary or charitable pharmacy practice resources. The 5-point Likert response scale system was used with closed-ended questions. The survey was validated through the revision of expert reviewers and pilot testing. Besides, various tests of reliability, McDonald{\textquoteright}s ω, Cronbach alpha, Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ2, and Gutmann{\textquoteright}s λ6 been done with the study. The data analysis of the pharmacist knowledge of charity pharmacies is done through the survey monkey system. Besides, the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Jeffery{\textquoteright}s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP), and Microsoft Excel sheet version 16. Results: A total number of 578 pharmacists responded to the questionnaire. Onehalf of the responders knew about pharmacy volunteering activities 230 (57.09\%). Most pharmacists did not participate in the volunteering activities because they did not have time for it 197 (41.21\%), they did not need it 141 (29.50\%), and they did not take any educational or training 120 (25.10\%), or volunteering activities is difficult to understand 105 (21.97\%). Less than one-half of responders only know where to go if they want to participate in Charity Pharmacy at their work 243 (42.26\%) or participate in Charity Pharmacy outside their work 259 (44.97\%). The average score of level knowledge of the pharmacy volunteer was (3.44). The element {\textquotedblleft}Vision and mission of Charity Pharmacy{\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (3.81). The average score of the level information of the resources about charity pharmacies was (3.52). The resources of the {\textquotedblleft}Governmental sector{\textquotedblright} obtained the highest score (3.71), followed by {\textquotedblleft}General medical or health society{\textquotedblright} (3.59). Conclusion: The average knowledge of pharmacy professionals of charitable pharmaceuticals care services was insufficient. Therefore, targeting awareness and training programs about charitable pharmacy services is highly suggested to improve learning and participation in the future.

}, keywords = {Charitable, Knowledge, Pharmaceutical Care, Pharmacist, Saudi Arabia., Voluntary}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2023.9.2}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Ghudair Tashan Alanazi and Maha Hussein Almadany and Abeer Hussin Almasoudi and Khawla Ibrahim Al-shahrani} } @article {139, title = {Analysis of Antimicrobial Medication Consumption in Intensive Care Unit, North West (Tabuk) Region Hospitals, Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports}, volume = {5}, year = {2019}, month = {August 2019}, pages = {119-123}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {119}, abstract = {

Objectives: This article describes antimicrobial medication use among different age groups and the cost associated with it in intensive care units at North West (Tabuk) hospitals, Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study to explore the antimicrobial medication use in intensive care units at North West Region Hospitals, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia. Methods: It is a 12-month antimicrobial drug use by intensive care units at North West region hospitals which included critical care for adults, pediatrics and neonates. The medications selected by Central Antibiotics committee at MOH as part of the National Antimicrobial Stewardship program. The consumption was driven from pharmacy database and calculated based on off standard unit of antimicrobials per hospital. The antimicrobials consisted of antibacterial drugs, antifungal and antiviral medications. The cost of antimicrobial consumption was calculated by using the Ministry of Health National Cost database. All cost used were as US currency. Results: The total number of antimicrobial standard units were (14,305) and average (2,861) per hospital. The highest drug consumption was Ceftriaxone 1 gm injection (2724) followed by Imipenem 500 mg injection (1251) and Vancomycin 500 injection (1165). The total cost of Antimicrobial consumption was (53,884.95 USD) and (10,777 USD) per each hospital. The highest cost medication consumption from Adults critical care 73.42\% (39,562.33 USD) followed by pediatrics critical care 18.15\% (9,779.93 USD) and Neonates critical care 8.43\% (4,542.68 USD). The highest medication cost was very broad-spectrum antibiotics like Meropenem, Imipenem and Ceftriaxone. It consumed more than 50\% of the cost burden. Conclusion: This study is the first in Saudi Arabia, Gulf and Middle East countries. Health system pharmacist leaders are targeting to implement the antimicrobial stewardship program and National Drug Utilization Evaluation system to control unnecessary medication expenditure and prevent misuse of medicines.

}, keywords = {Knowledge, Medications, Ministry of Health, Patient, Saudi Arabia}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2019.5.22}, author = {Yousef Ahmed Alomi and Abeer Hussin Almasoudi and Ghormallah Abdullah Alghamdi and Samira Ali Asiri} }