@article {25, title = {Ameliorative Effect of Methanolic Extract of Allium cepa on Anticonvulsant Activity of Chloroform Extract of Acorus calamus Linn. Rhizomes}, journal = {Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports}, volume = {3}, year = {2017}, month = {October 2017}, pages = {39-42}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {39}, abstract = {

Background:Acorus calamus is used in Ayurvedic System of Medicine as Medhya rasayana and prescribed as an aphrodisiac and nerve tonic since ancient times. Methanolic extract of Allium cepa (AC) bulbs was reported to possess anti-oxidant activity. Objective: In this study we evaluated antiepileptic activity of chloroform extract containing β{\textendash}Asarone (CBA) alone in varying doses and its combinations with varying doses of methanolic extract of Allium cepa bulbs (MAC) in Isoniazid induced seizure model in mice. Method: Isoniazid (INH, 150mg/kg) induced seizure model was used to study antiepileptic effects in mice. The mice were administered the test (CBA1, CBA2, CBA3, CBAC1, CBAC2 and CBAC3 and standard drug (Sodium valproate) 1hr before inducing seizures. The animals were observed for 2 hrs for onset of seizures and death. Results: Study has shown that CBA at a dose of 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg offered 50\%, 83.33\% and 100\% protection against death respectively whereas CBAC, the combinations of CBA (50mg/kg) with 100, 200 and 300mg/kg dose of MAC shows 66.67\%, 100\% and 100\% protection of animals against death respectively prolonging the mean time for onset of seizures and reducing the severity of seizures as compared to CBA (50mg/kg) alone. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Allium cepa ameloriated the anticonvulsant activity of chloroform extract containing β{\textendash}Asarone and also reduced the severity of seizure episodes at all doses. The combined therapy of β-Asarone and Allium cepa can prove to be an alternative to synthetic antiepileptic drugs.

}, keywords = {Acorus calamus, Allium cepa, Anticonvulsant, Isoniazid (INH), β-Asarone}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2017.3.7}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/351}, author = {Rahul Kaushik and Jainendra Jain and Rashmi Yadav and Lubhan Singh and Deepika Gupta and Akanksha Gupta} } @article {33, title = {Isolation of beta-Asarone from Acorus calamus Linn. and Evaluation of its Anticonvulsant Activity using MES and PTZ Models in Mice}, journal = {Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports}, volume = {3}, year = {2017}, month = {October 2017}, pages = {21-26}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {21}, abstract = {

Introduction:Acorus calamus is being used in Ayurveda as Medhya Rasayana to enhance mental ability and used in treatment of various brain related disorders. Objective: Extraction of volatile oil from Acorus calamus rhizomes and Isolation of β{\textendash}Asarone from it and anticonvulsant activity of volatile oil in mice using MES and PTZ models. Method: The volatile (calamus) oil was extracted using hydro steam distillation. Calamus oil was subjected to column chromatography using Silica gel in glass column for isolation of β-Asarone. Calamus oil was evaluated for anticonvulsant activity at 30, 100 and 300mg/kg dose using MES, scPTZ, minimum clonic seizure (at 6 Hz.) model and Rotarod test was used to determine the neurotoxicity of volatile oil. Results:β-Asarone was isolated and confirmed by structure elucidation using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IRS, UVS and Mass spectroscopy. Calamus oil was found to be inactive in preliminary screening at all dose levels but has shown neurotoxicity at 300 mg/kg. Although, volatile oil was found to be active in minimal clonic seizure test at 6 Hz. At 100 mg/kg, it displayed protection even up to 4.0hr indicating longer duration of action. ED50 (48.13 mg/kg) and TD50 (224.13 mg/kg) of volatile oil at 6 Hz in mice also determined at 95\% C.I. Protective index(PI) value of volatile oil was found to be 4.65. The experimental results were compared with the standard drug Phenytoin (30 mg/kg). Conclusion: The calamus oil has shown a protective index that can be compared with Phenytoin and can be used as an alternate of synthetic antiepileptic drugs.

}, keywords = {Acorus calamus, Anticonvulsant, Calamus Oil, β-Asarone}, doi = {10.5530/PTB.2017.3.4}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/347}, author = {Rahul Kaushik and Jainendra Jain and Rashmi Yadav and Lubhan Singh and Deepika Gupta and Akanksha Gupta} }